安装与使用 aria2
安装
sudo zypper in aria2
文件目录
在 ~/bin/aria2 目录下新建文本文档：
poplar@c004-h1:~> tree ~/bin/aria2
/home/poplar/bin/aria2
├── aria2.conf
├── aria2.log
├── aria2.service
├── aria2.session
└── index.html
1 directory, 5 files
aria2.conf
# 文件的保存路径(可使用绝对路径或相对路径), 默认: 当前启动位置
dir=/home/poplar/Downloads/Aria2
# 日志文件保存目录
log=/home/poplar/bin/aria2/aria2.log
# 启用磁盘缓存, 0 为禁用缓存, 需 1.16 以上版本, 默认:16M
disk-cache=50M
# 文件预分配方式, 能有效降低磁盘碎片, 默认: prealloc
# 预分配所需时间: none < falloc ? trunc < prealloc
# falloc 和 trunc 则需要文件系统和内核支持,
# NTFS 建议使用 falloc, EXT3/4 建议 trunc, MAC 下需要注释此项
#file-allocation=falloc
# 断点续传
continue=true
## 下载连接相关 ##
# 最大同时下载任务数, 运行时可修改, 默认:5
#max-concurrent-downloads=5
# 同一服务器连接数, 添加时可指定, 默认:1
max-connection-per-server=16
# 最小文件分片大小, 添加时可指定, 取值范围1M -1024M, 默认:20M
# 假定 size=10M, 文件为 20MiB 则使用两个来源下载; 文件为 15MiB 则使用一个来源下载
min-split-size=20M
# 单个任务最大线程数, 添加时可指定, 默认:5
split=32
# 整体下载速度限制, 运行时可修改, 默认:0
#max-overall-download-limit=0
# 单个任务下载速度限制, 默认:0
#max-download-limit=0
# 整体上传速度限制, 运行时可修改, 默认:0
#max-overall-upload-limit=0
# 单个任务上传速度限制, 默认:0
#max-upload-limit=0
# 禁用IPv6, 默认:false
#disable-ipv6=true
# 连接超时时间, 默认:60
#timeout=60
# 最大重试次数, 设置为 0 表示不限制重试次数, 默认:5
#max-tries=5
# 设置重试等待的秒数, 默认:0
#retry-wait=0
## 进度保存相关 ##
# 从会话文件中读取下载任务
input-file=/home/poplar/bin/aria2/aria2.session
# 在 aria2 退出时保存`错误/未完成`的下载任务到会话文件
save-session=/home/poplar/bin/aria2/aria2.session
# 定时保存会话, 0 为退出时才保存, 需 1.16.1 以上版本, 默认:0
save-session-interval=120
## RPC相关设置 ##
# 启用 RPC, 默认:false
enable-rpc=true
# 允许所有来源, 默认:false
rpc-allow-origin-all=true
# 允许非外部访问, 默认:false
#rpc-listen-all=true
# 事件轮询方式, 取值:[epoll, kqueue, port, poll, select], 不同系统默认值不同
#event-poll=select
# RPC监听端口, 端口被占用时可以修改, 默认:6800
#rpc-listen-port=6800
# 设置的 RPC 授权令牌, v1.18.4 新增功能, 取代 --rpc-user 和 --rpc-passwd 选项
rpc-secret=poplar
# 是否启用 RPC 服务的 SSL/TLS 加密,
# 启用加密后 RPC 服务需要使用 https 或者 wss 协议连接
#rpc-secure=true
# 在 RPC 服务中启用 SSL/TLS 加密时的证书文件,
# 使用 PEM 格式时，您必须通过 --rpc-private-key 指定私钥
#rpc-certificate=/path/to/certificate.pem
# 在 RPC 服务中启用 SSL/TLS 加密时的私钥文件
#rpc-private-key=/path/to/certificate.key
aria2.service
设置使用 systemd 启动 aria2 的服务文件 aria2.service：
[Unit]
Description=Start aria2 daemon
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/aria2c --conf-path=/home/poplar/bin/aria2/aria2.conf
Type=simple
WorkingDirectory=/home/poplar/bin/aria2
[Install]
WantedBy=default.target
index.html
启动服务
使用 ~/bin/command/aria2-m 启动服务：
#!/bin/sh
#本脚本用于维护 aria2 及验证和归档 ISO 文件
export ISO_DL_DIR=/home/poplar/Downloads/Aria2
export ISO_DIR=/home/poplar/Downloads/ISO
export ARIA2_DIR=/home/poplar/bin/aria2
#设定目录
SERVICES_FILE=/home/poplar/bin/aria2/aria2.service
OPENSUSE_DVD=/home/poplar/Downloads/Aria2/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-DVD-x86_64-Current.iso
OPENSUSE_DVD_OLD=/home/poplar/Downloads/ISO/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-DVD-x86_64-Current.iso
OPENSUSE_LIVE_ISO=/home/poplar/Downloads/Aria2/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-KDE-Live-x86_64-Current.iso
OPENSUSE_LIVE_ISO_OLD=/home/poplar/Downloads/ISO/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-KDE-Live-x86_64-Current.iso
while true; do
printf -- '-%0.s' {1..100} && echo
printf 'You can use the aria2 & ISO files maintenance script for:\n\n'
printf 'R - Register Aria2 service\n'
printf 'C - Clean up aria2 logs\n'
printf 'V - Verify openSUSE ISO files\n'
printf '1 - Download openSUSE DVD files\n'
printf '2 - Download openSUSE KDE LiveISO files\n'
printf 'Q - End script\n\n'
printf '==> '
read answer
if [ "$answer" = "R" ] || [ "$answer" = "r" ]; then
#注册服务
printf 'Start registering systemd service...\n'
mkdir -p ~/.config/systemd/user
if [ -f $SERVICES_FILE ]; then
cp $SERVICES_FILE ~/.config/systemd/user
systemctl daemon-reload --user
printf 'Service file loaded: OK!\n'
systemctl enable --now --user aria2
printf 'Service status: Running.\n'
else
printf 'ERROR: Service file not found!\n'
fi
elif [ "$answer" = "C" ] || [ "$answer" = "c" ]; then
#清理日志
ls -lh $ARIA2_DIR/aria2.log
systemctl status aria2 --user | grep "Active"
systemctl stop aria2 --user
rm $ARIA2_DIR/aria2.log; touch $ARIA2_DIR/aria2.log
printf 'Cleaning up logs: OK!\n'
systemctl restart aria2 --user
systemctl status aria2 --user | grep "Active"
ls -lh $ARIA2_DIR/aria2.log
elif [ "$answer" = "V" ] || [ "$answer" = "v" ]; then
#校验 ISO 文件
cd $ISO_DL_DIR
if [ -f $OPENSUSE_DVD ]; then
gpg --verify openSUSE-Tumbleweed-DVD-x86_64-Current.iso.sha256.asc
cat openSUSE-Tumbleweed-DVD-x86_64-Current.iso.sha256 | sed 's/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-DVD-x86_64-Snapshot\(........\)-Media.iso/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-DVD-x86_64-Current.iso/' > temp.sha256
sha256sum -c temp.sha256
rm temp.sha256
if [ -f $OPENSUSE_DVD_OLD ]; then
printf 'Found the old DVD ISO file.'
rm $ISO_DIR/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-DVD*.*
mv $ISO_DL_DIR/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-DVD*.* $ISO_DIR
printf 'Update DVD ISO files: OK!\n'
else
printf 'No found the old DVD ISO file.\n'
mv $ISO_DL_DIR/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-DVD*.* $ISO_DIR
printf 'Update DVD ISO files: OK!\n'
fi
else
printf 'No found the new DVD ISO files\n'
fi
printf -- '-%0.s' {1..100} && echo
if [ -f $OPENSUSE_LIVE_ISO ]; then
gpg --verify openSUSE-Tumbleweed-KDE-Live-x86_64-Current.iso.sha256.asc
cat openSUSE-Tumbleweed-KDE-Live-x86_64-Current.iso.sha256 | sed 's/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-KDE-Live-x86_64-Snapshot\(........\)-Media.iso/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-KDE-Live-x86_64-Current.iso/' > temp.sha256
sha256sum -c temp.sha256
rm temp.sha256
if [ -f $OPENSUSE_LIVE_ISO_OLD ]; then
printf 'Found the old Live ISO file.'
rm $ISO_DIR/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-KDE-Live-x86_64-Current.*
mv $ISO_DL_DIR/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-KDE-Live-x86_64-Current.* $ISO_DIR
printf 'Update Live ISO files: OK!\n'
else
printf 'No found the old Live ISO file.\n'
mv $ISO_DL_DIR/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-KDE-Live-x86_64-Current.* $ISO_DIR
printf 'Update Live ISO files: OK!\n'
fi
else
printf 'No found the new Live ISO files\n'
fi
elif [ $answer = 1 ]; then
aria2c -d $ISO_DL_DIR -s 16 https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/opensuse/tumbleweed/iso/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-DVD-x86_64-Current.iso
aria2c -d $ISO_DL_DIR -s 16 https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/opensuse/tumbleweed/iso/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-DVD-x86_64-Current.iso.sha256
aria2c -d $ISO_DL_DIR -s 16 https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/opensuse/tumbleweed/iso/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-DVD-x86_64-Current.iso.sha256.asc
elif [ $answer = 2 ]; then
aria2c -d $ISO_DL_DIR -s 16 https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/opensuse/tumbleweed/iso/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-KDE-Live-x86_64-Current.iso
aria2c -d $ISO_DL_DIR -s 16 https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/opensuse/tumbleweed/iso/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-KDE-Live-x86_64-Current.iso.sha256
aria2c -d $ISO_DL_DIR -s 16 https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/opensuse/tumbleweed/iso/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-KDE-Live-x86_64-Current.iso.sha256.asc
elif [ "$answer" = "Q" ] || [ "$answer" = "q" ]; then
exit
else
#重新开始循环
printf 'ERROR: Invalid input!\n'
continue
fi
done
补充说明
- 配置不包含 BT 下载功能，相关另见 qBittorrent 配置备忘录。
- aria2 只有在工作时才会读写日志。下载完文件后，记得要清理一下日志文件。